Gallbladder issues like gallstones are surprisingly common, and they affect women at a much higher rate than men. If you’ve experienced upper abdominal pain, bloating, or nausea after eating, your gallbladder could be to blame.
But why are women more likely to develop gallbladder problems? The team at Premier Surgical Lawson Group in Johnson City, TN, breaks it down for us:
What Does the Gallbladder Do?
The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ under your liver. Its main job is to store and release bile, a fluid that assists in the digestion of fats. When eating, the gallbladder contracts and sends bile into the small intestine.
Problems arise when bile becomes imbalanced, often forming gallstones: small, hardened deposits that can disrupt the flow of bile and trigger pain, inflammation, or even infection.
Why Are Women at Higher Risk?
While gallbladder problems can affect anyone, studies consistently show that women are nearly twice as likely as men to develop gallstones. This difference isn’t just coincidence, it’s tied to a mix of hormonal, biological, and lifestyle factors that uniquely impact women’s health. Understanding what puts women at greater risk can help you take proactive steps to protect your gallbladder and overall digestive health.
Several factors contribute to the increased risk of gallbladder problems in women:
Estrogen Levels
Women naturally have higher levels of estrogen, a hormone that increases cholesterol in bile and slows gallbladder emptying, two major risk factors for gallstone formation.
Estrogen levels are even higher during:
- Pregnancy
- Hormone therapy (HRT)
- Birth control pill use
All of these can increase the likelihood of developing gallstones.
Progesterone’s Role
Another female hormone, progesterone, can relax smooth muscle tissue, including the gallbladder. This slows down bile flow and makes it easier for gallstones to form.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy changes hormone levels and digestion. Many women experience slower gallbladder emptying and increased cholesterol levels during pregnancy, raising the risk of gallstone formation.
Age and Life Stage
Gallbladder issues are more common in women over 40, particularly during perimenopause or menopause when hormonal shifts can throw off bile balance and metabolism.
Body Weight and Diet
Women are also more likely to experience gallbladder issues if they are:
- Overweight or have had rapid weight loss
- Eating high-fat, high-cholesterol diets
- Living with insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome
These risk factors can affect both men and women, but when combined with hormonal influences, they create a perfect storm for women.
Common Symptoms of Gallbladder Problems
Gallbladder symptoms can be sneaky at first. Think mild discomfort after eating or occasional bloating. But over time, symptoms can become more frequent and intense. Recognizing the signs early can help you avoid complications like inflammation, infection, or emergency surgery.
Watch for:
- Sudden pain in the upper right or middle abdomen (especially after eating)
- Vomiting or nausea
- Bloating and indigestion
- Pain that radiates to the back or shoulder blade
If you’re experiencing these symptoms regularly, don’t ignore them. Gallbladder attacks can escalate quickly and may require medical attention.
Know Your Risk and Your Options
While women are more prone to gallbladder problems, the good news is that gallstones are treatable, often with dietary changes, medication, or, in some cases, minimally invasive surgery.
If you’re noticing consistent symptoms, contact Premier Surgical Lawson Group. Our general surgeons, Dr. Kenneth Cutshall, Dr. John (Trey) Robertson, and Dr. Michael Cutshall are experiences in gallbladder removal. Early intervention can prevent complications and get you back to feeling your best. Give us a call at (423) 975-5650 to get started, or request an appointment through our secure online form.
Sources:
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22976-gallbladder-disease